The annual economic burden of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on the NHS in the UK is in the order of £4.9 billion. A National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) statement suggests that two thirds of asthma deaths would be preventable with better access to basic care and the right treatment. Latest guidelines for treatment of asthma and COPD advocate escalation to triple therapy (with inhaled corticosteroids / long-acting beta-agonists and long-acting anti-muscarinic antagonists) for patients who have experienced one exacerbation in the previous 12 months. The leading innovator medicines formulate such actives in a single inhaler. This aids good patient compliance to the triple therapy with aim of providing maximum benefit for the patient. However, all triple inhalers on the market are currently patent protected, which means they have no direct competition and are expensive. At patent expiry others can register an equivalent cheaper product as a 'generic' medicine. Before generic medicines are approved, they must be proven to be equivalent to the branded medicine. Proving equivalence is not an easy matter and many of today's inhaled medicines have faced no generic competition for many years after patent expiry. This is most particularly true for those that contain multiple actives. Aston Particle Technologies (APT) has developed a unique technology, isothermal Dry Particle Coating (iDPC) which will simplify the development of triple Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs). IDPC has been proven to be able to handle complex powder mixtures beyond the capability of established DPI formulation and manufacturing technologies. IDPC is an efficient, low energy process which provides exceptional ability to control the dosing performance from complex mixtures. In this study, APT is developing a generic to match the performance of a targeted market leader. This product will be characterised in collaboration with Nanopharm using their unique toolbox, SmartTrack, to match the formulation performance of a leading triple therapy DPI over a period of 18 months. If successful, this study will accelerate the development of a clinically-ready triple DPI so that the necessary preclinical and clinical studies can be progressed rapidly with high confidence of success. These two innovative UK technologies will bring a step function change in the speed with which generic inhalers can be brought to the market and significantly reduce the market exclusivity period of the leading therapy to meet the NICE prevention ambition by providing the right treatment, sustainably and cost effectively.
Experimental development of Continuous manufacturing technology
At the present time there are few, if any, manufacturing processes for particle surface modification that do not adversely affect the innate properties of the core particles. State-of-the-art blending technologies for DPIs, e.g. high shear or turbula mixing, often are unsuitable for processing poorly stable APIs and even when suitable, create highly variable product outputs. This becomes even more complex when combinations containing more than one API are to be created. This project is targeted to deliver improved and commercially viable cost-effective processes for manufacture of formulations of small molecule APIs that are already available as Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) DPI medicines. These products have proven to be very difficult to turn into generic medicines until now. Aston Particle Technologies (APT) Ltd. has created a novel dry particle coating process, newly trademarked as APT-Hale(tm), which could be a game-changer in this regard. The process has many unique characteristics which have been confirmed with single API formulations. It operates at ambient temperature, requires the use of no volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or solvents, generates no heat and causes no particle attrition. It can handle APIs with problematic properties, such as high charge / high charge retentiveness, high cohesivity or acute moisture sensitivity. It can be applied equally to poorly stable APIs as to those that are robust. It has already been successfully used with readily available 'off the shelf' APIs and excipients with no pre-treatment. The process operates through control of a small number of critical processing parameters which create a fluidised state in dry nitrogen, in which every fine particle is firstly fully wetted by the dispersion gas and then adsorbed onto the coarser carrier particles. It is a primary aim of this project to validate the broad applicability of the process by creating FDC DPI formulations that can be progressed as credible substitutable generics for the market-leading, innovator products. In doing so, a range of established, off patent APIs will be investigated in combination. Application of this simple and relatively 'easy to implement' platform for development and scale up could eventually lead to registration of a suite of generic FDC inhalers that will meet the requirements of prescriber, payer and patient alike. If this project is successful, this platform technology will be utilised in the longer term not only in the development of generic combination formulations but also of those containing new chemical entities.
The global market for treatment of asthma and COPD is estimated to be $41.7B in 2017. Dry powder inhalers (DPI) make up nearly 50% of the market by sales value (FDA, 2015). The formulation and performance of a DPI is affected by complex interactions between drug substance, excipients and inhalation device. Current technologies for developing DPIs, such as high shear blending or turbula mixing remain a black art based on trial and error, with highly variable inputs to the subsequent DPI formulation. APT offers a world’s first IP protected (WO 2016/066462A) aerosolised particle engineering technology as a one step, relatively isothermal process with controlled process parameters that produces repeatable product performance with readily available commercial excipients. APT can offer a means of streamlining preclinical formulation development, whilst simultaneously providing robust clinical test article. APT will target the market through product development fees and licensing for royalty payment. The team brings over 75 years of pharma experience and comprises of Dr Ian Smith (CEO), Dr David Wyatt (COO), Prof Afzal Mohammed (CTO), 2FTE scientists and project manager. The CEO and COO have many contacts in DPI sector including GSK, Vectura, Novartis and Mylan.
There is a lack of available technologies for particle surface modification that do not affect the particles physical and chemical properties. Currently 70% of new drugs being developed exhibit poor solubility and this provides a huge challenge and high cost for drug development in the pharmaceutical market. Current techniques are expensive, produce low yield and cannot process unstable drugs. Aston Particle Technologies Ltd. "APT" offers a novel one-step particle engineering technology that processes drugs and materials without the use of solvents and heat. Its USP lies in delivering enhanced particle properties for challenging drugs (high dose, moisture sensitive or heat sensitive) at low cost. APTs solubility enhancement project aims to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, including those that are unstable, through its particle layering technology.
Aston Particle Technologies offers a one-step particle engineering technology that processes drug without the
use of solvents and heat. Its USP lies in delivering enhanced particle properties for challenging drugs (high dose,
moisture sensitive or heat sensitive) at low cost.