During the autumn season, leaves fall and are picked up/deposited by passing traffic, chemically bonding to the railhead forming a slippery, teflon-like organic layer. Other contaminants such as iron oxides, oil and debris from level crossings can also reduce friction.
When trains brake or accelerate on this layer it causes wheel slips and slides. Sometimes trains are unable to stop at a station, or move up a gradient. This problem currently costs the UK £350 million/year in delays, wheel and rail damage and safety incidents. Cleaning these contaminants off costs £64 million/yr in the UK. £38m is spent on high pressure water jetting, in some areas manual scrubbing teams have to remove contamination with petrol powered wire brushing. Chemical cleaners are also used. New methods are being developed every year.
Despite costs, delays, rail damage, environmental destruction and safety concerns caused by friction, friction coefficients have not been routinely measured due to lack of technology.
Rivelin Rail has designed a novel on-board friction measuring system. It is lighter, cheaper and more adaptable than alternative on-board friction measurements. It can be fitted to passenger trains or railhead treatment trains, removing the requirement for expensive specialised rolling stock. The measured and displayed friction coefficient can be fed back in real-time for immediate interpretation- used to make more informed and data-driven decisions on friction management. For instance:
1) Inspecting rail to determine the extent of low friction,
2) Determining if the railway is safe to re-open or whether it requires cleaning/low adhesion mitigation products
3) Quantifying the effectiveness of rail cleaning products.
The inspection technology will map out rail friction, showing where low adhesion "hotspots" occur and optimise friction management methods. This will save millions of pounds, reduce delays, prevent damage and improve safety.