Public Funding for Angoka Limited

The AMPLIFY project delivers an innovative platform enabling quantum-secure key exchange to any device connected over 'classical' data links, removing the need for an end-to-end optical transport layer. Through the introduction of a novel 'Symmetric QKD Hybrid' security paradigm, based on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), combined with hardware authentication and a symmetric key scheme to extend the information-theoretically secure exchange from the QKD nodes to the end-point devices over any data link, ANGOKA will solve the 'last-mile' key exchange problem that represents a major barrier to achieving quantum resilience of modern digital infrastructures, such as Smart Cities. Working with EU partners in the Netherlands, Germany and Poland, ANGOKA will develop the new technology and demonstrate it in action, in both the mobility and IT sectors, using state-of-the-art quantum testbed facilities. AMPLIFY will enable the ANGOKA proposition to become a major enabler for QKD technology and an essential component in the quantum-secure communications infrastructure of the future, protecting our ever-connected world from the increasing threat of attack.

ANGOKA is developing market-leading cybersecurity products for the Smart Mobility market, with solutions for securing drone communications and identification, as well as remote operation of driverless vehicles.

This project will help define a more sustainable future for urban mobility. It builds on the North East's long-term strategy to develop expertise in the AV ecosystem, from fundamental design to trial/demonstration and enhances regional leadership in addressing operational challenges to deployment. It will research, build, trial and evaluate the feasibility of deploying a level 4 autonomous remotely supervised, zero-emission passenger mobility service in the City of Sunderland, increasing connectivity between a key transport interchange (bus, rail and metro) and two high-volume destinations: the University of Sunderland City Campus and Sunderland Royal Hospital, via an Intelligent Transport Corridor (ITC). Operated by an established transport provider, it will build on and deliver significant operator and end-user benefits within the Sunderland Smart City programme. Passenger carrying Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) will undoubtedly have low future operational costs, suitable for use in 24-hour operations like hospitals or university campuses. This project advances a 'one-to-many' safety supervisor model for AVs, improving commercial viability of subsidised/unviable routes, addressing driver shortages, lowering fares and stimulating modal-shift to low-carbon, autonomous public transport. The trial will be delivered by a fleet of autonomous zero-emission shuttles, along a 5km route, integrating with and supplementing existing public transport provision. The service will be underpinned by cyber-resilient 5G-enabled remote supervision, communicating in real-time with ITC/Smart City infrastructure and the regional transport control room (UTMC, where teleoperations will be based). This will ensure traffic optimisation for all road users (especially shuttle users), ultimately enabling a remote supervisor to safely supervise many shuttles. **What we will deliver:** * Demonstrating, with evidence, how autonomous low-carbon public transport can operate in a real-world city environment, driving modal shift, making low-carbon mass transit viable, increase choice/availability, increase accessibility for mobility impaired people and delivering benefits within the Sunderland Smart City programme; * An exploitation plan, making the case for further investment and expansion to other identified routes, including a business model and deployment/scaling plan for a sustainable shuttle service locally and regionally; * Taking partners from technology development to service development, including identifying upstream/downstream supply-chain, highlighting any gaps therein. **What makes it innovative** * Integration with the existing Intelligent Transport Corridor and Smart City infrastructure. * Demonstrating the potential for operators of level 4 autonomous public transport services to ultimately enable a remote safety supervisor to work with multiple shuttles. * Live operations in a city centre, high traffic environment. * Quantum-secure cyber-security layer on a low-latency private 5G network.

The DCMS 5GCAL project (2020-22) delivered a working proof-of-concept demonstration of the autonomous and teleoperation of a 40-tonne truck at the Vantec-Nissan Manufacturing UK site, with live loads delivered from Vantec to NMUK autonomously without intervention by a safety driver. The successful outcomes of 5GCAL now needs to be taken into actual operational conditions and alternative, more complex routes, which build scale, reliability and consistency of operation. It is recognised that the first commercial opportunities for CAL technologies are in controlled environments such as ports, airports, distribution centres and 'campus' style manufacturing sites. Demonstrating CAL in contained areas is crucial to expanding use across other scenarios. Research shows full autonomy could reduce logistics operating costs by 47%, and expansion onto public roads is likely to have significant economic impacts and have transformative impacts on logistics costs, accidents, and e-commerce. 5GCAL2 will scale and expand the initial 5G CAL proof of concept, providing two real industrial use cases for the scale and deployment of connected and autonomous logistics. * The original trial route where 100% of its current vehicles would be replaced with zero-emission HGVs retrofitted with CAL technology. Scale-up of this route will have to consider the real-world scenarios operators face. JIT delivery is production critical and therefore, the autonomous system would have teleoperation back up, utilising the 5G network built and funded by the initial 5GCAL project. The project would also address the key challenges of scale deployment, including improved cyber security, system integration and overcoming the challenges of scaling the teleoperation and autonomous systems. * A more "real world" challenging route where the CAL truck would encounter traffic lights, roundabouts, security gates, bridges and other manned road users. Utilizing the original 5GCAL vehicle, we plan to transport the newly assembled vehicles from Nissan's EoL to the UK car compound, improving efficiency and reducing labour costs. A fully autonomous system would be deployed in this scenario where delivery is not production critical. Overcoming these key challenges will allow the project to showcase its key objectives in proving safe, reliable, and robust systems across multiple use cases, minimising the need for human intervention, and delivering on time every time. This project has the potential to unlock the enormous potential for CAL services driving significant UK growth in this emerging, high-potential field.

Project Skyway is an ambitious plan to put Britain once again at the forefront of a transport revolution the likes of which it has not seen since the advent of the steam railway in the 18th century. Then, short lengths of track sprang up around the country allowing steam-powered locomotives to take coal from northern mines or wool and cotton from mill towns to near-by docks to be shipped around the world. But within just a few years those independent miles of track were part of a railway network which spanned the nation, allowing goods and people to travel distances in times hitherto unheard of. This transport revolution and the efficiencies it brought was key in Britain showing itself as an industrial powerhouse on a global scale for the next century. Two centuries on, Britain is on the point of another transport revolution. Drones have the potential to transport in a way our ancestors could never have imagined, but would have surely understood. Just as trains reduced transport times from days to hours, drones will reduce them from hours to minutes; using energy from renewable sources. This will allow efficient and timely inspection of roads and railways, airport and port operators to review infrastructure without dangerous or costly closures, and provide 'lanes' which will enable delivery drones operated by the likes of DHL, Amazon, and FedEx. And this is only the beginning. As the technology is proved through drone operations, more users and use cases will emerge. eVTOL vehicles, will be able to safely cross towns and cities whilst sharing the sky with other manned and unmanned aviation. This revolution has begun with the Arrow Drone Zone (ADZ), under FF2 'Project Xcelerate,' and serves as an important proving ground, providing a route to CAA certification. Using Arrow technology as its foundation -- allowing manned and unmanned aviation to share the sky harmoniously - Project Skyway envisages a nationwide network of ADZs spanning the length and breadth of Britain, a superhighway-network-in-the-sky, providing a critical digital infrastructure which will enable the world's first truly national, open and competitive drone economy. The project's collaborative approach brings together like-minded, future-focused businesses and organisations which are leaders in their specialist fields -- from drone manufacturers, mobile and satellite connectivity providers to fleet operators, sensor manufacturers and airspace managers - to help realise the vision and deliver it to the consortia's first customers.

Project Skyway is an ambitious plan to put Britain once again at the forefront of a transport revolution the likes of which it has not seen since the advent of the steam railway in the 18th century. Then, short lengths of track sprang up around the country allowing steam-powered locomotives to take coal from northern mines or wool and cotton from mill towns to near-by docks to be shipped around the world. But within just a few years those independent miles of track were part of a railway network which spanned the nation, allowing goods and people to travel distances in times hitherto unheard of. This transport revolution and the efficiencies it brought was key in Britain showing itself as an industrial powerhouse on a global scale for the next century. Two centuries on, Britain is on the point of another transport revolution. Drones have the potential to transport in a way our ancestors could never have imagined, but would have surely understood. Just as trains reduced transport times from days to hours, drones will reduce them from hours to minutes; using energy from renewable sources. This will allow efficient and timely inspection of roads and railways, airport and port operators to review infrastructure without dangerous or costly closures, and provide 'lanes' which will enable delivery drones operated by the likes of DHL, Amazon, and FedEx. And this is only the beginning. As the technology is proved through drone operations, more users and use cases will emerge. eVTOL vehicles, will be able to safely cross towns and cities whilst sharing the sky with other manned and unmanned aviation. This revolution has begun with the Arrow Drone Zone (ADZ), under FF2 'Project Xcelerate,' and serves as an important proving ground, providing a route to CAA certification. Using Arrow technology as its foundation -- allowing manned and unmanned aviation to share the sky harmoniously - Project Skyway envisages a nationwide network of ADZs spanning the length and breadth of Britain, a superhighway-network-in-the-sky, providing a critical digital infrastructure which will enable the world's first truly national, open and competitive drone economy. The project's collaborative approach brings together like-minded, future-focused businesses and organisations which are leaders in their specialist fields -- from drone manufacturers, mobile and satellite connectivity providers to fleet operators, sensor manufacturers and airspace managers - to help realise the vision and deliver it to the consortia's first customers.

AgiLe Integrated Airspace System (ALIAS) is an innovative and ambitious project that brings together eight highly motivated technology companies to demonstrate a scalable and cohesive airspace system for the future. This system will incorporate drones, air taxis and manned aircraft operating in unison to deliver economic and societal benefit for the UK. During the initial phases the partners will integrate their individual technologies, incrementally building a regional airspace system including ground and flight testing of the sub-systems. The project culminates in the deployment of the ALIAS system to the Channel Islands; a perfect test environment for a regional airspace system that can be replicated across the UK. This deployment will include drones performing maritime and public health missions, a helicopter acting in the role of an air taxi alongside scheduled manned operations from the local airports. The public benefit of ALIAS will be economic, social and environmental. The economic benefit is primarily through enabling drone and AAM operations with all of the associated jobs, growth and returns. The social benefits are primarily due to the flexible, regionalised approach to UTM which can form the backbone of an integrated transport network giving rural and remote areas of the UK full access to the nation's resources. The environmental benefits come from reduced emissions and ground infrastructure associated with future aircraft platforms coupled with the ability of the agile airspace system to minimise noise disturbance to the public.

**PORTAL** - _The infrastructure launchpad for the future of flight_ To unlock the Future of Flight (FoF) potential and realise the 2% uptick in GDP (PWC forecast), scalable infrastructure to enable landing and take-off needs to be developed. PORTAL is a disruptive system-of-systems approach to infrastructure technology for vertiports, and this project will develop the technology needed to safely deploy landing locations at scale. By leveraging automation to manage drone traffic through on-ground situational awareness and connectivity, locations can reduce specialist staff, and in-turn, reduce operational costs. PORTAL will make it easy for any business to become a drone capable business, and will be able to serve new bespoke vertiports, be retro-fitted for installations on car parks, roof tops. If the advantages of VTOL aviation are to be realized in a sustainable and future proof way, it is essential to invest in the infrastructure of vertiports: not just pads but safe, efficient, scalable, and resilient systems to transition people and goods from ground to air and _vice versa_. This is exactly the focus of this proposal: efficiency and scalability arising from detailed design optimisation of vertiport systems offering high throughput flight capacity in a modular format. Safety and resilience are provided by precise monitoring and control, not just of air vehicle movements but of all the associated ground handling operations in the immediate air and ground environments. SLiNK-TECH, leading the project, will further develop their existing situational awareness and vertiport management capability, and integrate advanced sensing technology (Cambridge Sensoriis Ltd), innovative guidance beacons (R4DAR Technologies Ltd) and secure-by-design communications (ANGOKA Ltd). University of Bristol will be supporting the project with research into the airspace operational logic, supporting data analytics and providing flight test facilities through their Robotics Flight Lab. Snowdonia Aerospace Centre & Auriga Aerospace Ltd will provide operational support for the larger scale, harsh operational environment demonstrations featured during the project. [][0] [][1] [0]: #_msoanchor_1 [1]: #_msoanchor_5

**PORTAL** - _The infrastructure launchpad for the future of flight_ To unlock the Future of Flight (FoF) potential and realise the 2% uptick in GDP (PWC forecast), scalable infrastructure to enable landing and take-off needs to be developed. PORTAL is a disruptive system-of-systems approach to infrastructure technology for vertiports, and this project will develop the technology needed to safely deploy landing locations at scale. By leveraging automation to manage drone traffic through on-ground situational awareness and connectivity, locations can reduce specialist staff, and in-turn, reduce operational costs. PORTAL will make it easy for any business to become a drone capable business, and will be able to serve new bespoke vertiports, be retro-fitted for installations on car parks, roof tops. If the advantages of VTOL aviation are to be realized in a sustainable and future proof way, it is essential to invest in the infrastructure of vertiports: not just pads but safe, efficient, scalable, and resilient systems to transition people and goods from ground to air and _vice versa_. This is exactly the focus of this proposal: efficiency and scalability arising from detailed design optimisation of vertiport systems offering high throughput flight capacity in a modular format. Safety and resilience are provided by precise monitoring and control, not just of air vehicle movements but of all the associated ground handling operations in the immediate air and ground environments. SLiNK-TECH, leading the project, will further develop their existing situational awareness and vertiport management capability, and integrate advanced sensing technology (Cambridge Sensoriis Ltd), innovative guidance beacons (R4DAR Technologies Ltd) and secure-by-design communications (ANGOKA Ltd). University of Bristol will be supporting the project with research into the airspace operational logic, supporting data analytics and providing flight test facilities through their Robotics Flight Lab. Snowdonia Aerospace Centre & Auriga Aerospace Ltd will provide operational support for the larger scale, harsh operational environment demonstrations featured during the project. [][0] [][1] [0]: #_msoanchor_1 [1]: #_msoanchor_5

AgiLe Integrated Airspace System (ALIAS) is an innovative and ambitious project that brings together eight highly motivated technology companies to demonstrate a scalable and cohesive airspace system for the future. This system will incorporate drones, air taxis and manned aircraft operating in unison to deliver economic and societal benefit for the UK. During the initial phases the partners will integrate their individual technologies, incrementally building a regional airspace system including ground and flight testing of the sub-systems. The project culminates in the deployment of the ALIAS system to the Channel Islands; a perfect test environment for a regional airspace system that can be replicated across the UK. This deployment will include drones performing maritime and public health missions, a helicopter acting in the role of an air taxi alongside scheduled manned operations from the local airports. The public benefit of ALIAS will be economic, social and environmental. The economic benefit is primarily through enabling drone and AAM operations with all of the associated jobs, growth and returns. The social benefits are primarily due to the flexible, regionalised approach to UTM which can form the backbone of an integrated transport network giving rural and remote areas of the UK full access to the nation's resources. The environmental benefits come from reduced emissions and ground infrastructure associated with future aircraft platforms coupled with the ability of the agile airspace system to minimise noise disturbance to the public.

ANGOKA, with its HQ in Belfast, has a product set which can unlock the potential of IoT-enabled systems by generating high levels of trust in machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. It is more secure because it is based on hardware, which is more secure than relying on software alone. It is more cost-effective because the hardware collaboratively creates authentication keys in real-time. That removes the need to periodically load new keys to maintain security. ANGOKA has successfully opened dialogue with companies including the Dutch telecommunications provider KPN and traffic infrastructure company Dynniq who require enhanced cyber-resilience to assure the performance of their systems. ANGOKA will use this investment by Innovate UK to enable closer collaboration with the Dutch market - for face to face meetings and building of trust that will open the door to carrying out Proof of Concept and Proof of Value demonstrations of the ANGOKA system. By co-investing with Innovate UK, ANGOKA will be able to make the concerted efforts needed to present itself and its UK network to the Dutch business community. This will entail not only generating regular meetings between business and technical representatives of ANGOKA and the target companies, but also presentation of the products and evidence of their performance in situ.

The rapid emergence of new technologies is fostering a revolution in the flight sector which will drastically change the way people and goods are transported, with the potential to improve connectivity and alleviate environmental and societal issues. As the skies become crowded with manned and unmanned aircraft, new solutions are being developed to securely manage this increasingly complex air traffic. Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM) systems are emerging as the new paradigm for achieving that. UTM is a system of systems, made of a multitude of participants in the form of operators, service providers and public entities and authorities. High connectivity, automation and integration of such complex systems inevitably will open doors to a range of security threats. Although a user will be required by law to register and be uniquely identifiable within UTM, a malicious intruder could deceive the system by impersonating an authorised user, potentially causing great damage. Being able to foil such attempts is of absolute importance for the safety and security of the integrated airspace and all its users. Angoka has built an expertise in securing vehicle communication in the automotive sector, through the introduction of a unique mechanism of hardware authentication. We are adapting the technology from Connected Autonomous Vehicles and transferring it to Unmanned Air Systems (UAS), to make it impossible for attackers to forge their identity. Working with the Connected Places Catapult, Angoka will analyse the requirements for the integration of their solution into UTMs. With the help of Cranfield University, the hardware unit will be interfaced to a drone for a real flight demonstration. As well as proving the robustness and resilience of the end-to-end authentication solution, we will also show that the trust can be seamlessly retained when crossing different domains serviced by different communication networks.

**ENCODE - Ensuring cybersecure deployments of driverless teleoperated vehicle** ENCODE is a collaborative industrial research project, led by Connected and Automated Vehicle (CAV) developer StreetDrone, that aims to reduce time to market for connected and automated vehicle technology in the movement of goods. The project centres on the use of "multi-driver" vehicles, and accompanying security and safety assurance, to enable StreetDrone and the UK to be first to market in the automation of the freight supply chain. A "multi-driver" vehicle is one which can be driven via in-vehicle operator, remote operator, or autonomous driving stack (ADS). A significant barrier to the widespread deployment of autonomous mobility of people and goods, is achieving the level of technical maturity required to deal with all possible scenarios in the target environments. The range of scenarios to which a CAV can respond under autonomous mode is known as an Operational Design Domain (ODD). If this ODD does not match with the conditions expected in a particular environment (e.g. a busy sub-urban neighbourhood for last-mile deliveries), as the technology is not sufficiently mature, and a safety case cannot be justified, then a vehicle cannot be scalably deployed without safety drivers in situ. "Level 5" deployments (as per the recognised SAE levels) are not therefore possible with current state of the art. Project ENCODE will alleviate this problem, by examining the safe and secure integration of "teleoperation", the ability for a remote operator to assist a CAV when the situation deems it necessary. Safe and secure teleoperation here allows a remote operator to service multiple vehicles, realising a clear commercial opportunity in cost saving over traditional 1:1 vehicle-driver ratios. ENCODE will investigate the cybersecurity risks associated with multi-driver systems, and implement measures, including secure connectivity, to facilitate safe deployment of such systems. Project work will involve engagement with key stakeholders such as DfT and CCAV, to validate and further best practices, and will culminate in a live trial of multi-driver vehicles in two locations to showcase project outcomes. ENCODE will be delivered by StreetDrone (Preston EV Ltd), a leading UK CAV developer, focused on low speed applications of automation including first-/last-mile deliveries; TRL, safety specialists and key team behind Smart Mobility Living Lab testbed; Coventry University cybersecurity experts; Angoka Ltd, a start-up providing protected communications and Oxfordshire County Council, a leading innovator among local authorities in the adoption of CAV technology.

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XCelerate partners' goal is to take UTM systems out into the real world, by providing a repeatable framework that towns, cities and wider can follow in order to open up portions of the skies and enable suitable safe BVLOS operations, including highly automated (no-pilot-in-the-loop) scenarios. Project XCelerate will be enabled by a network of existing and new technologies underpinned by Altitude Angel's proven GuardianUTM OS, incorporating existing air traffic management and communications systems and augmented by new technology, such as 5G, cyber secure Drone Remote ID as well as Drone Detection and Surveillance/Counter capability with the most advanced aviation infrastructure in Europe. Through Future Flight, BT will leverage their market leading communications experience, network, and infrastructure to enable drones to have greater connectivity and lower latency for quicker transfer of high precision data. The use of 4G/5G as primary or backup infrastructure will ensure drones remain connected for greater situational awareness, positional accuracy, and collision avoidance. This is a key enabler to unlock drones to fly BVLOS operations. To ensure location and position of drones is available at all times and to increase reliability, Project XCelerate will establish secondary systems including; Satellite (Galileo), 4G/5G networks as backup. In presenting the Arrow Drone Zone (ADZ) , we will establish a repeatable pattern for safe automated BVLOS operations, with automated drones facilitated by an independent surveillance and tracking system (including surveillance by humans in-the-loop) for low level aircraft along with separation and deconfliction services via the UTM system to assure safe operation in a manner that is achievable now and fully scalable in line with the industry growth rate. The ADZ points the way, going from concept to routine operations, by providing the physical and digital infrastructure necessary, coupled with complete concept of operations, to create 'automated drone zones' that are fully connected into aviation management systems and paradigms. By bringing together BT's strength in connectivity and national assets (i.e. reliable, secure, high bandwidth, low-latency radio and fixed connectivity; digital and physical infrastructure), with leading partners including; Altitude Angels' experience in UTM and ADZ frameworks, combined with leading drone service providers HeroTech8 and Skyports, public acceptance researchers from Myriad - a collaborative team of recognised academic experts, cyber security provider Angoka and end user experts SkyBound Rescuer (Emergency Response) and Dronestream (NHS), we are powerfully placed to realise the world's first live commercial UTM. XCelerate will establish certainty to the regulator, public, and the drone industry on the scalability and safety of routine BVLOS flights.

The rapid emergence of new technologies is fostering a revolution in the flight sector which will drastically change the way people and goods are transported, with the potential to improve connectivity and alleviate environmental and societal issues. As the skies become crowded with manned and unmanned aircraft, new solutions are being developed to securely manage this increasingly complex air traffic. Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM) systems are emerging as the new paradigm for achieving that. UTM is a system of systems, made of a multitude of participants in the form of operators, service providers and public entities and authorities. High connectivity, automation and integration of such complex systems inevitably will open doors to a range of security threats. Although a user will be required by law to register and be uniquely identifiable within UTM, a malicious intruder could fool the system by impersonating an authorised user, potentially causing great damage. Being able to foil such attempts is of absolute importance for the safety and security of the integrated airspace and all its users. Angoka has built an expertise in securing vehicle communication in the automotive sector, through the introduction of a unique mechanism of hardware authentication. We believe that the technology can be adapted and transferred from Connected Autonomous Vehicles to Unmanned Air Systems (UAS), to make it impossible for attackers to forge their identity. Working with the Connected Places Catapult, Angoka will analyse the requirements for the integration of their solution into UTM. With the help of Cranfield University, the hardware unit will be interfaced to a drone for a real flight demonstration. As well as proving the robustness and resilience of the end-to-end authentication solution, we will also show that the trust can be seamlessly retained when crossing different domains serviced by different communication networks.

AirQKD establishes a UK ecosystem, from single-photon components to networked quantum systems, to protect short to mid-range communication in free space. In particular we carry out pilot demonstrations of the enabling infrastructure for quantum-secure 5G and autonomous and connected vehicles.

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Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) promise to deliver huge social and economic benefits. They are seen as vital to providing an important means by which to reduce road traffic accidents and fatalities and cut congestion, thereby increasing national productivity and reducing environmental impacts. It is for this reason that CAVs are play a key role in national strategies around the world. In the UK, the government and industry are funding collaborative research and development projects worth hundreds of millions of pounds. However, while there is substantial potential, the risk of compromise of this critical national infrastructure looms large. A variety of attacks on CAVs have already been developed and successfully implemented by researchers both on production vehicles in operation and systems in laboratory settings. The controller area network (CAN) bus that features in almost all vehicles in operation, as well as connected and autonomous vehicles in development, is recognised as a key weakness that is compromised in a number of cyber attacks on vehicles. In this project, we will deliver a secure communication protocol that affords protection along the CAN bus, thereby significantly lowering the risk of a successful cyber-attack. In a recent proof-of-principle project, Angoka has built a hardware-based security protocol that protects against spoofing of in-vehicle communications along the CAN bus. The SMART project will provide us with a unique opportunity to work in collaboration with arguably the UK's leading university in cyber security for vehicular systems. This will allow us to scale up the PoC system to a realistic industrial scenario, and extend the technology to allow vehicles to make intelligent decisions in synergy with other traffic participants and factors. This will be a critical step in creating a future-proof, industry-standard hardware solution for cyber security of connected and autonomous vehicles.